PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the French league champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the final seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty win.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.